Effects of mindfulness training on emotion and acceptance for people with disabilities: a systematic review / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To systematically review the effect of mindfulness training on emotion and acceptance for people with disabilities. Methods From Web of Science, EBSCO, APA PsycInfo, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Medline, CNKI, and Wanfang Data, researches about mindfulness training for people with disabilities were searched, from January 1st, 2010 to November 31st, 2020. The researches were screened, assessed the qualities and extracted data of included studies, and then, systematicaly reviewed. Results Fifteen researches were revealed, including 64 samples and 1065 participants. People with mental, intellectual, physical and speech disabilities were involved. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based Taiji Quan and mindfulness-based Yoga were commonly used. The effect of mindfulness training on people with disabilities were mainly reflected in the decrease of anxiety and depression, and the improvement of the acceptance for negative experiences. Conclusion Mindfulness training can help to improve the negative emotions and psychological acceptance for people with disabilities, thereby promoting physical and mental health and the quality of life.

Research on Status of Functioning and Disability, Unmet Needs and Service Development of Rehabilitation for People with Disabilities in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To analyze functioning and disability, unmet needs and the service for people with disabilities in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Methods Based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and World Report on Disabil-ity, the theoretical framework had been constructed, and the unmet needs and service status for people with disabilities in Shenzhen in 2015 had been statistically analyzed. Results For the statistics of disability by categories, physical disability composed of 42.5%, speech disability composed of 1.5%;people with severe and extremely severe disabilities composed of 52.8%;Futian District composed of 19.7%, Yantian District composed of 2.2%;people aged 0 to 18 years composed of 17.4%, and people aged over 60 years (27.0%) were the larger group. For the unmet needs of people with disabilities, 25%needed rehabilitation therapy, 18.8%needed functional training, 23.2%needed assis-tive devices, and 32.9%had no need. For rehabilitation sevice in Shenzhen, 24.4%received rehabilitation therapy, 17.4%received function-al training, 20.4%received assistive devices, and 37.6%did not receive any service. For the barrier-free reconstruction, 4.6%needed bath-room reconstruction, and 0.7%needed internet access screen software. Conclusion The status of functioning and disability, unmet needs and service development of rehabilitation in Shenzhen had been analyzed. There was still a gap between unmet needs and services of rehabilita-tion. It recommended to construct precise services delivery based on unmet needs, improve the full coverage and quality of service of reha-bilitation.

Research on Social Economic Development and Service Needs of Families with More than One Disabled in Henan, China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To research the social economic development and service needs of families with more than one disabled in Henan, China. Methods The data of 2016 Basic Service Status and Needs of People with Disabilities in Henan was analyzed. Results A to-tal of 74,732 (4.0%) people with disabilities from all 19 cities in Henan had been surveyed, 54.9%were males and 83.2%were from rural ar-eas. In terms of social and economic development, 41.8%of people with disabilities in urban areas were below least living baseline, 14.7%met standards of low income;23.9%of people with disabilities in rural areas were recorded as national poverty household, 35.7%were not recorded as national poverty household, 39.9%were not in poverty. In terms of housing, 75.3%of people with disabilities in urban areas had their own houses, 7.1%had housing security welfare, 12.9%had no house; 70.5%of people with disabilities in rural areas had their own houses in good condition, 3.5%had their own houses which were identified as houses in risk, 15.9%had their own houses which were sus-pected to be houses in risk, 1.7%had no house, and 2.2%had their own houses reconstruction. There were significant differences in the eco-nomic and housing conditions among different types of disabilities (χ2>51.267, P8.400, P70.149, P0.05). In terms of employment needs, vocational skills training 5.0%, introducing a job 3.9%, practical training in rural areas 6.6%, capital credit support 7.6%, and others 10.7%. There were significant differences in the employ-ment needs among different types of disabilities (χ2>73.180, P11.440, P38.960, P99.220, P68.000, P46.960, P<0.001). Conclusion The social economic development of families with more than one disabled were faced risk. Recommendation to policy development included to improve the support efforts, and ensure their ba-sic housing, pay attention to their individual differences in employment poverty alleviation needs and provide more opportunities to get jobs, and provide financial support, increase support for home care, increase inputs of funding and assistive devices for rehabilitation services, and attach importance to their needs of barrier-free reconstruction.

Research on Unmet Needs and Service Development of Rehabilitation for People with Disabilities in China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the unmet needs and service of rehabilitation for Chinese people with disabilities. Methods The unmet needs and services of rehabilitation data from the Second National Sample Survey of Disability and 2006-2016 Statistical Bulletin on the De-velopment of People with disabilities in China issued by China Disabled Persons Federation had been analyzed. Results The unmet needs of rehabilitation for people with disabilities in China were mainly included health care and support, assistive devices, rehabilitation therapy and services, poverty alleviation, accessible facilities, accessible information, and other rehabilitation needs. The highest rate of unmet needs of rehabilitation was in the fields of health care (34.84%) and poverty alleviation (33.25%). There were significant differences in unmet needs of rehabilitation among people with different types of disabilities (χ2=40322.1, P<0.01). For all the types of disabilities, 41.46%had not re-ceived any service and support, 30.45%received health care and support, and 0.55%received accessible information. The main approaches recommended by professionals for people with disabilities were institutional rehabilitation, and community and family based services. The main services recommended by professionals to people with psychiatric (68.18%) or visual disabilities (60.28%) were health care, to people with hearing disability (51.67%) were assistive device, and to people with intellectual (57.36%) and speech disability (47.06%) were rehabil-itation therapy and training. There were significant differences both in rehabilitation approaches and contents among people with different types of disabilities preferred by professionals (χ2=12489.9,χ2=52528.93, P<0.01). Conclusion The unmet needs of rehabilitation for people with different types of disabilities were mainly included health care and assistance, assistive devices, rehabilitation training and services, and poverty alleviation. There were significant differences among people with different types of disabilities. For service delivery, the highest rate was in health care and assistance. The gap between the service and unmet needs of poverty alleviation for people with disabilities in China was the highest. There were significant differences in rehabilitation approaches and contents recommended by professionals among people with different types of disabilities. It was recommended to construct the national and local system of policy support system and rehabilita-tion service governance, to provide precision rehabilitation services based on the unmet needs of rehabilitation, to develop the comprehen-sive rehabilitation service delivery to achieve the goal of rehabilitation for all, and to conduct scientific research on rehabilitation by using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to provide evidence and support for the development of rehabilitation.

Research on Unmet Needs and Services of Rehabilitation for People with Physical Disabilities in Rural Areas in Henan, China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To research the unmet needs and services of rehabilitation for people with physical disabilities in rural areas in Henan, China. Methods The data of 2016 Basic Service Status and Unmet Needs for People with Disabilities in Henan, China were ana-lyzed. Results A total of 1,028,598 people with physical disabilities from all 19 cities had been surveyed, accounting for 61.7% male. In terms of rehabilitation needs, there were 19,348 (1.9%) responsed surgery, 202,855 (19.7%) responsed medical treatment, 197,592 (19.2%) responsed functional training, 360,754 (35.1%) responsed assistive products, and 158,012 (15.4%) responsed nursing, there were significant differences in the number of people who needed rehabilitation among different disability levels (χ2>18.080, P15.920, P19.182, P<0.001). Con-clusion The unmet needs and services of rehabilitation for people with physical disabilities in rural areas in Henan were explicated. It recom-mended to train rehabilitation professionals and improve the service delivery capacity, to raise awareness, increase investment in rehabilita-tion services and provide reasonable accommodation for people with disabilities.

Survey on Sports Participation and Unmet Needs of Services for 6-12 Years Old Children with Intellectual Disabilities in the Areas of Minority Nationalities in Hubei Province / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the situation of sports participation and the unmet needs of services for 6-12 years old children with intellectual disabilities. Methods 420 children with intellectual disabilities in areas of minority nationalities in Hubei province aged 6-12 years were surveyed with a questionnaire. Statistics had been conducted for situation and unmet needs of services. Results 72.6%respon-dents wanted to participate in sport, 70%respondents participated in sport at least once a week, maining for rehabilitation;the unmet needs of services mainly focused on the special education, medical rehabilitation, functional training and the non-barrier transformation for kitchen and toilets. Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation and services are needed in 6-12 years old children with intellectual disabilities in areas of minority nationalities in Hubei Province. The diversity of unmet needs needed to be attend.

Framework, Measurement, and Social Support of Intellectual Disability Based on ICF / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the definition, structure, terminology, framework, and models of social support and services, and mea-surement of intellectual disability based ICF approach. Methods The ICF approach and definition and approach proposed by American Asso-ciation on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) were adopted. Results The characteristics of intellectual disability are sig-nificant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills, and onset before 18 years old. The framework, domains and contents of services and support for intelligence disability were proposed, as well as the updated measurement of intelligence disability based on new framework and definition. Conclusion The new framework of intel-ligence disability, system of service and support, and measurement are in accordance with the bio-psycho-social model of disability of ICF. The new paradigm will provide framework and tool of measurement, rehabilitation, education, and social services for people with intelli-gence disability.

Genetic variability and interrelationships of mainly quantitative traits in Glycyrrhiza uralensis cultivated population / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The main aim of the research was to evaluate genetic variability and interrelationships of mainly quantitative traits in 2-year population, and provide a basis for high-yield breeding of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Four genotype G. uralensis population were transplanting in four different environment using complete randomized block design with three replication, and the 10 quantitative traits, including plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), tiller number (TN), taproot length (TRL), root length (RL), root diameter (RD), diameter of 20 cm below the root head (D20), taperingness (TR), lateral root number (LRN) and root fresh weight (RFW) were measured in field.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The difference among population for all evaluated traits were significant (P<0.05) through Duncan's multiple range tests, and the coefficient of variation of RFW and LRN were above 25%. The analysis of variance was used to evaluate the traits of four populations across to four different environment Genotype, environment and their interaction effect were significant (P<0.05) or highly significant (P<0.01) for mainly evaluated traits. Simple correlation between traits showed that PH, SD, LRN, RL, RD and D20 had highly significant (P<0.01) and positive correlation with RFW. Results of the path coefficient analyses showed that D20 had the greatest positive direct effect on RFW, followed by the traits of PH and RL.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Selection for increased D20, RL and PH would be the best indirect selection traits for increasing root yield. Meanwhile, ample genetic variability exists in the G. uralensis 2-year population, it could be used for breeding improvement of root yield.</p>

Isolation and biological properties of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated from Shanxi province / 中国兽医学报

Five field strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were isolated from suspected flocks from different time and different regions of Shanxi province,respectively,and characterized by a series of systematic identification assays,such as morphological observation by electron-microscope,interfering with the propagation of NDV,virus pathological role to chicken embryo,virus pathological role to SPF chickens,hemagglutination activity,physiscochemical,and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The results showed:The typical coronavirus which the spherical virions 60-120 nm in diameter and surface covered with spike like corona were observed under electron-microscope)The propagation of NDV strain was seriously interfered by the 5 isolates respectively;The embryonated chicken egg passages of the 5 isolates could dwarf with chicken embryos;The five isolates had no hemagglutination activity,but after treatment with 1% trypsin,it can agglutinate chicken red blood cell.The strains are sensitive to chloroform and ethyl ether.The SPF chickens which inoculated with the 5 isolates showed clinical sign and result in respiratory and kidney diseases,flower-steak,and swollen with severe urate deposition.The specific fragments of N gene of the 5 isolates were amplified by RT-PCR,respectiveiy.On the basis of all above mentioned results,the 5 isolates were classified as IBV.The study got a good preparedness for further study on molecular epidemioogy of the 5 IBV isolates.